Gleasonibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa bevelni ubwoko bwihariye bwa gikoresho cya bevel cyagenewe kohereza ingufu hagati y’imirongo ihurira, akenshi ku nguni ya dogere 90. Igitandukanya sisitemu ya Gleason ni imiterere yayo yihariye y’amenyo n’uburyo bwo kuyakora, bitanga umuvuduko woroshye, ubushobozi bwo gukaza umuvuduko mwinshi, no gukora mu buryo butuzuye. Izi gikoresho zikoreshwa cyane mu gutwara imodoka, inganda, n’indege aho kwizera no gukora neza ari ingenzi cyane.
Sisitemu ya Gleason yakozwe kugira ngo irusheho kunozwa mu buryo buboneye kandiverisiyo za zerumu gushyiramo iryinyo rigongamye kandi rifite ishusho y’uruziga. Iyi miterere y’uruziga ituma amenyo ahuzwa buhoro buhoro, bigabanya cyane urusaku n’ihindagurika ry’ubwonko mu gihe bitanga umuvuduko mwinshi wo kuzenguruka n’ubushobozi bwo kurekura. Igishushanyo kandi cyongera ingano y’aho amenyo ahurira n’ubwonko n’imbaraga z’ubuso, bigatuma ingufu zikwirakwira neza mu gihe hari imitwaro iremereye cyangwa ihindagurika.
Buri gikoresho cya Gleason spiral bevel gear kigizwe n'icyuma gifatana n'icyuma gifatana, cyakozwe mu buryo buhuye. Uburyo bwo kugikora ni umwihariko cyane. Gitangirana no gucura cyangwa gushushanya neza ibyuma bidafite aho bibohera, nka 18CrNiMo7-6, hagakurikiraho gukata nabi, gukata, cyangwa gushushanya kugira ngo hakorwe imiterere y'icyuma cya mbere. Uburyo bugezweho nko gukata 5-axis, gukata, no gukata bikomeye byemeza ko ubuso bumeze neza kandi bunoze. Nyuma yo gushyushya nka carburization (58–60 HRC), ibyuma bishyirwa mu mapine cyangwa gusya kugira ngo bigere ku mahuriro meza hagati y'icyuma n'icyuma.
Imiterere y'ibikoresho bya Gleason spiral bevel gears igenwa n'ibipimo byinshi by'ingenzi—inguni yo kuzunguruka, inguni y'umuvuduko, intera y'agace k'umuvuduko, n'ubugari bw'isura. Ibi bipimo bibarwa neza kugira ngo harebwe imiterere ikwiye yo gukorana n'amenyo n'uburyo imizigo ikwirakwira. Mu igenzura rya nyuma, ibikoresho nka mashini ipima (CMM) n'isesengura ry'uko amenyo ahagaze (TCA) byemeza ko ibikoresho byujuje ibisabwa bya DIN 6 cyangwa ISO 1328-1.
Mu gukora, Gleason spiralibikoresho byo guteruraAtanga imikorere myiza kandi ihamye nubwo haba hari ibintu bigoye. Amenyo afite amenyo agoramye atuma habaho gukoranaho buri gihe, bigabanya kwibanda ku muvuduko no kwangirika. Ibi bituma aba meza cyane ku modoka, amakamyo, imashini ziremereye, sisitemu yo gutwara amenyo mu mazi, n'ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi. Byongeye kandi, ubushobozi bwo guhindura imiterere y'amenyo n'intera yo kuyashyiraho butuma abahanga mu by'imashini bashobora kunoza imiterere yayo ku bijyanye n'ubushobozi bwihariye, umuvuduko, n'umwanya.
Igikoresho cyo mu bwoko bwa Gleason gikozwe mu buryo bwa spiral bevel — imbonerahamwe y'ibibarwa by'ingenzi
| Ikintu | Inzira / Igaragaza | Ibihinduka / Inyandiko |
|---|---|---|
| Ibipimo byo kwinjira | (z_1,\ z_2,\ m_n,\ \alpha_n,\ \Sigma,\ b,\ T) | amenyo y'impini/ibikoresho (z); module isanzwe (m_n); inguni isanzwe y'umuvuduko (\alpha_n); inguni y'umugozi (\Sigma); ubugari bw'isura (b); torque yoherezwa (T). |
| Ingano y'umurambararo (impuzandengo) | (d_i = z_i , m_n) | i = 1 (pinion), 2 (gear). Impuzandengo/umurambararo w'ikigereranyo mu gice gisanzwe. |
| Inguni z'umuvuduko (cone) | (\delta_1,\ \delta_2) ku buryo (\delta_1+\delta_2=\Sigma) na (\dfrac{\sin\delta_1}{d_1}=\dfrac{\sin\delta_2}{d_2}) | Gukemura inguni z'inyuma zijyanye n'ingano y'amenyo n'inguni y'umugongo. |
| Intera y'aho icyuma giherereye (intera y'aho icyuma giherereye) | (R = \ dfrac {d_1} {2 \ icyaha \ delta_1} = \ dfrac {d_2} {2 \ icyaha \ delta_2}) | Intera iri hagati y'umurambararo w'inkombe n'uruziga rw'umuraba ipimwa hakurikijwe generatrix. |
| Ijwi ry'uruziga (risanzwe) | (p_n = \pi m_n) | Itera ry'umurongo ku gice gisanzwe. |
| Moduli ihinduranya (hafi) | (m_t = \dfrac{m_n}{\cos\beta_n}) | (\beta_n) = inguni isanzwe yo kuzenguruka; ihinduka hagati y'ibice bisanzwe n'ibice binyuranamo uko bikenewe. |
| Inguni yo mu ruziga (ikigereranyo cy'impuzandengo/ikinyuranyo) | (\ tan \ beta_t = \ tan \ beta_n \ cos \ delta_m) | (\delta_m) = inguni y'icunga isanzwe; koresha impinduka hagati y'inguni zisanzwe, zinyuranamo, n'izihuza. |
| Icyifuzo cy'ubugari bw'isura | (b = k_b , m_n) | (k_b) akenshi itoranywa kuva kuri 8 kugeza kuri 20 bitewe n'ingano n'ikoreshwa; reba igishushanyo mbonera kugira ngo ubone agaciro nyako. |
| Inyongera (impuzandengo) | (a \hafi m_n) | Isuzuma ry’inyongera ry’ubujyakuzimu risanzwe; koresha imbonerahamwe nyayo y’ibipimo by’amenyo kugira ngo ubone agaciro nyako. |
| Umurambararo wo hanze (ku mpera) | (d_{o,i} = d_i + 2a) | i = 1,2 |
| Umurambararo w'imizi | (d_{f,i} = d_i – 2h_f) | (h_f) = dedendum (ishingiye ku bipimo bya sisitemu y'ibikoresho). |
| Ubugari bw'amenyo buzengurutse (hafi) | (s \hafi \dfrac{\pi m_n}{2}) | Kugira ngo umenye neza imiterere y'amenyo, koresha ubugari bukosowe uhereye ku meza y'amenyo. |
| Imbaraga z'amayeri ku ruziga rw'ikibuga | (F_t = \dfrac{2T}{d_p}) | (T) = torque; (d_p) = umurambararo w'umuvuduko (koresha ibipimo bihamye). |
| Guhagarika imihangayiko (byoroshye) | (\sigma_b = \dfrac{F_t \cdot K_O \cdot K_V}{b \cdot m_n \cdot Y}) | (K_O) = ikintu cyoroshye cyane, (K_V) = ikintu gihinduka, (Y) = ikintu cy'imiterere (imiterere y'ishusho). Koresha ikigereranyo cyuzuye cya AGMA/ISO cyo gushushanya. |
| Imihangayiko yo guhuriraho (ubwoko bwa Hertz, yoroshye) | (\sigma_H = C_H \sqrt{\dfrac{F_t}{d_p , b} \cdot \dfrac{1}{\frac{1-\nu_1^2}{E_1}+\frac{1-\nu_2^2}{E_2}}}) | (C_H) imiterere ya geometrike, (E_i,\nu_i) moduli ya elastic y'ibikoresho na Poisson ratios. Koresha ingano yuzuye y'ibyerekezo by'ikoranabunga n'imihangayiko kugira ngo ugenzure. |
| Igipimo cy'uko abantu bahura n'ikigeragezo (muri rusange) | (\varepsilon = \dfrac{\text{arc of action}}{\text{base pitch}}) | Ku bikoresho bya bevel, banza ukoreshe imiterere ya pitch cone na spiral angle; ubusanzwe bipimwa ukoresheje imbonerahamwe cyangwa porogaramu. |
| Umubare w'amenyo mu buryo bwa virtual | (z_v \hafi \dfrac{d}{m_t}) | Ifite akamaro mu kugenzura aho umuntu aherereye/aho aherereye; (m_t) = module inyuranamo. |
| Igenzura ry'amenyo make / igabanuka ry'amenyo | Koresha imiterere y'amenyo make ukurikije inguni izunguruka, inguni y'umuvuduko n'ingano y'amenyo | Niba (z) iri munsi y'umubare ntarengwa, hakenewe ibikoresho bidafite agaciro cyangwa ibikoresho byihariye. |
| Igenamiterere ry'imashini/imashini ikata (intambwe yo gushushanya) | Kumenya inguni z'umutwe w'icyuma, kuzunguruka kwa cradle no gutondeka uhereye ku miterere y'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga | Izi genamiterere zikomoka ku miterere y'ibikoresho n'uburyo bwo gukata; kurikiza uburyo bwo gukoresha imashini/ibikoresho. |
Ikoranabuhanga rigezweho mu gukora, nk'imashini zikata no gusya za CNC bevel, rituma habaho ireme n'uburyo bwo guhinduranya ibikoresho. Binyuze mu guhuza imiterere y'ibikoresho hifashishijwe mudasobwa (CAD) na simulation, abakora ibikoresho bashobora gukora isuzuma rya reverse engineering na virtual mbere yo gukora umwimerere. Ibi bigabanya igihe n'ikiguzi cyo gukoresha mu gihe binoza ubwiza n'ubuziranenge.
Muri make, ibyuma bya Gleason spiral bevel gears bigaragaza uruvange rwiza rw’imiterere y’ikirere, imbaraga z’ibikoresho, n’uburyo bwo gukora neza. Ubushobozi bwabyo bwo gutanga ingufu zigenda neza, zikora neza kandi zirambye byatumye biba ingenzi cyane muri sisitemu zigezweho zo gutwara. Byaba bikoreshwa mu bijyanye n’imodoka, inganda, cyangwa indege, ibi bikoresho bikomeje kugaragaza ubuhanga mu gutwara no gukora neza mu ikoranabuhanga.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-24-2025