Guzimya inshuro nyinshi ni uburyo bwo gukomera kw'ubuso bukoresha induction ya electromagnetic kugira ngo ishyushye ubuso bw'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga vuba kugeza ku bushyuhe bwabyo buhambaye (ubusanzwe 800–950°C), hanyuma igahita izimya mu mazi cyangwa amavuta ako kanya. Ibi bituma habaho urwego rwo gukomera rwa martensitic rutuma ubukomere bw'ubuso burushaho kwiyongera no kudashira neza hatabayeho kwangiza ubukomere bw'ibanze bw'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga. Kubera ko inganda zisaba imikorere myiza mu gukoresha imbaraga nto kandi zihanitse, ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga by'ikoranabuhanga by'ikoranabuhanga byahindutse ingenzi mu bikoresho by'imodoka, ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, ingufu, n'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga.

Ibyiza by'ingenzi ku mikorere

1. Ubukomere bwinshi cyane bw'ubuso no kudashira kw'ubuso
Mu gushyushya vuba ubuso bw'amenyo y'ibikoresho no kuyazimya, urwego rukomeye rwa martensitic rukora rufite ubukana bwa HRC 55–62 (bukunze kugaragara mu cyuma cya 40Cr cyangwa 42CrMo).

• Ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri burushaho kwiyongera ku kigero kirenga 50%

• Kwangirika kw'ibice byo hejuru ni 30–50% gusa ugereranije n'ibikoresho bisanzwe bitavuwe.

• Ni byiza cyane ahantu hakomeye ho gukururana nk'amasanduku y'ibikoresho biremereye n'imashini zicukura amabuye y'agaciro

2. Ingufu nyinshi zo kunanirwa
Uburyo bwo kuzimya butera imbaraga zisigaye mu gice gikomeye, ibyo bigatuma imiyoboro yo hejuru idatangira kandi ikakura.

• Umunaniro ntarengwa wiyongeraho 20–30%

• Urugero, ibyuma by'ingenzi bya turbine y'umuyaga bikozwe muri 42CrMo bishobora kugira ubuzima bw'imyaka 20

3. Gukomera kw'ibanze biragumana
Igice cyo hanze gusa ni cyo gikomera (ubusanzwe 0.2–5mm), mu gihe igice cy'imbere gikomeza kuba gito kandi kidahura n'ingaruka.

• Iyi miterere ibiri ituma ubuso buramba kandi bugakomeza kwangirika mu gihe cy'imizigo ikabije.

• Ikoreshwa cyane mu bikoresho by'imodoka bikoresha axle ndetse n'ibice bikoresha impanuka

Ibyiza byo Kugenzura Imikorere

1. Gukomeza neza ahantu runaka
Iyi gahunda ishobora kwibasira amenyo y’umuntu ku giti cye cyangwa uturere twihariye ku buso bwa vitesi, bigatuma ikoreshwa mu buryo bugoye nk’ibitesi by’umubumbe n’imiterere idasanzwe.

• Ubujyakuzimu bukonje bushobora guhindurwa binyuze mu nshuro, imbaraga, n'igihe

• Ifasha mu kuvura byihariye porogaramu ariko nta guhindagurika gukabije

2. Gukoresha neza no kuzigama ingufu
Uburyo bwose bufata amasegonda make kugeza ku masegonda icumi, bigabanya ikoreshwa ry'ingufu ho 30% ugereranije n'uburyo bwa gakondo.

• Ihuye n'imirongo ikora yikora ikoresheje uburyo bwo gucunga roboti

• Ikwiriye cyane mu nganda nini

3. Guhinduka guke
Ubushyuhe bwihuse kandi butuma ubushyuhe buhindagurika.

• Guhindagurika kw'uruziga bishobora kugenzurwa muri ≤0.01 mm kuri vitesi zigezweho (urugero, vitesi za CNC spindle)

• Nubwo kuzimya hakoreshejwe laser bitanga impinduka nke, kuzimya hakoreshejwe inshuro nyinshi birahendutse kandi bitanga ubushobozi bwo koroshya uburebure bw'umubyimba.

Uburyo bwo gukoresha ibikoresho neza no gukoresha neza ikiguzi

1. Guhuza ibikoresho byagutse
Ikoreshwa ku byuma bipima karuboni n'ibipima karuboni byinshi hamwe n'ibyuma bifite karuboni ≥0.35%, nka S45C, 40Cr, na 42CrMo.

• Ishyigikira ibikoresho bitandukanye byo mu nganda

2. Igipimo cy'imikorere myiza y'ikiguzi
Kuzimya umuriro inshuro nyinshi bituma hakoreshwa ibikoresho bihendutse cyane (urugero, gusimbuza 40CrNiMoA), bigabanya ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho ho 20–30%.

• Hakenewe imashini nke nyuma yo kuvurwa

• Imirimo migufi yo gukora yongera umusaruro muri rusange

Porogaramu zisanzwe

Ibikoresho bizimya umuriro mwinshi bikoreshwa cyane mu nganda nyinshi bitewe n'ubukomere bwabyo bwiza ku buso, kudashira kw'ingufu, ndetse n'imbaraga zo kunanirwa.urwego rw'imodoka, zikoreshwa mu byuma bitwara imizigo bikozwe mu cyuma cya 40Cr, bishobora kumara ibirometero bigera ku 150.000, ndetse no mu byuma bikoresha moteri bigezweho.imashini ziremereye, izi vitesi zikoreshwa mu miyoboro y'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro aho ubukana bw'ubuso bugera kuri HRC 52 kandi imbaraga zo kunama zirenga 450 MPa.

In ibikoresho by'ubuhanga, nk'ibikoresho by'imashini za CNC, ibikoresho bya spindle bikozwe muri 42CrMo bishobora gukora amasaha arenga 5.000 nta guhindagurika. Ni n'ibice by'ingenzi mu miyoboro minini ya turbine y'umuyaga, aho kwizera no kuramba ari ingenzi. Mu bijyanye nagutwara abantu muri gari ya moshi n'amarobo, kuzimya inshuro nyinshi bikoreshwa mu kunoza sisitemu z'amasanduku y'imodoka mu magare yihuta cyane na za robots, ndetse no gukomeza sisitemu z'imigozi y'imibumbe y'isine

Icyerekezo cy'ejo hazaza

Bitewe n'uko ifite ubuso bukomeye n'inyuma ikomeye, vitesi zishyushye cyane ntizishobora gusimburwa mu gihe zikoresha umutwaro mwinshi, umuvuduko mwinshi, kandi zikoresha neza cyane. Kubera ko zigenda neza, zigoramye cyane, kandi zikoresha neza amafaranga, ikomeje kuba igisubizo cyiza mu bijyanye n'imodoka, ibikoresho by'ingufu, n'imashini zikoresha neza.

Iterambere ry'ejo hazaza rizibanda kuri ibi bikurikira:

• Guhuza uburyo bwo kugenzura ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo birusheho kunoza uburyo ibintu bikorwamo

• Guteza imbere inzira ngufi kandi zirengera ibidukikije kugira ngo bigabanye ikoreshwa ry'ingufu n'ibyuka bihumanya ikirere