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Amashanyarazi

Agasanduku k'imashini za robo karashobora gukoresha ubwoko butandukanye bwibikoresho bitewe nibisabwa byihariye byubushakashatsi bwa robo. Bumwe muburyo busanzwe bwibikoresho bikoreshwa muri bokisi ya robo zirimo:

  1. Ibikoresho bya Spur:Ibikoresho bya spur nuburyo bworoshye kandi bukoreshwa cyane mubikoresho. Bafite amenyo agororotse ahwanye na axis yo kuzunguruka. Ibikoresho bya spur bifite akamaro ko guhererekanya ingufu hagati yimigozi ibangikanye kandi akenshi bikoreshwa mumasanduku ya robo yimashini ikoreshwa muburyo bwihuse.
  2. Ibikoresho bifasha:Ibikoresho bifasha byafashe amenyo yaciwe ku nguni ya gare. Ibi bikoresho bitanga imikorere yoroshye hamwe nubushobozi bwo gutwara imitwaro ugereranije na spur. Birakenewe mubisabwa aho urusaku ruke hamwe nogukwirakwiza umuriro mwinshi bisabwa, nkibice bya robo hamwe nintwaro yihuta ya robo.
  3. Ibikoresho bya Bevel:Ibikoresho bya Bevel bifite amenyo ameze nkaya kandi bikoreshwa mugukwirakwiza ingendo hagati yimigozi. Bakunze gukoreshwa mumasanduku ya robotike kugirango bahindure icyerekezo cyo kohereza amashanyarazi, nko muburyo butandukanye bwa gari ya moshi.
  4. Ibikoresho by'imibumbe:Ibikoresho byimibumbe bigizwe nibikoresho byo hagati (ibikoresho byizuba) bizengurutswe nicyuma kimwe cyangwa byinshi byo hanze (ibyuma byumubumbe) bizunguruka. Zitanga ubwitonzi, itumanaho ryinshi, hamwe nuburyo bwinshi bwo kugabanya umuvuduko cyangwa kwongera. Imashini yimibumbe ikoreshwa mubisanduku byimashini zikoreshwa mumashanyarazi menshi, nkamaboko ya robo nuburyo bwo guterura.
  5. Ibikoresho by'inzoka:Ibikoresho byinzoka bigizwe ninyo (ibikoresho bisa na screw) nibikoresho byo guhuza byitwa inziga yinyo. Zitanga igipimo kinini cyo kugabanya ibikoresho kandi birakwiriye gukoreshwa aho bisabwa kugwiza umuriro mwinshi, nko mumashini ya robo hamwe nuburyo bwo guterura.
  6. Ibikoresho byo gusiganwa ku magare:Ibikoresho bya cycloidal bifashisha amenyo ameze nka cycloidal kugirango ugere kumikorere ituje kandi ituje. Zitanga ibisobanuro bihanitse kandi zikoreshwa kenshi muri bokisi ya robot ya progaramu ya porogaramu aho guhagarara neza no kugenzura ibyingenzi ari ngombwa, nko muri robo yinganda n’imashini za CNC.
  7. Rack na Pinion:Ibikoresho bya rack na pinion bigizwe nibikoresho byumurongo (rack) hamwe nibikoresho bizenguruka (pinion) byahujwe hamwe. Bikunze gukoreshwa muri bokisi ya robot kugirango ikoreshwe kumurongo, nko muri robot ya Cartesian na gantry ya robot.

Guhitamo ibikoresho bya garebox ya robo biterwa nibintu nkumuvuduko wifuzwa, torque, imikorere, urwego rwurusaku, imbogamizi zumwanya, hamwe no gutekereza kubiciro. Ba injeniyeri bahitamo ubwoko bwibikoresho bikwiranye nuburyo bwiza kugirango banoze imikorere nubwizerwe bwa sisitemu ya robo.

Reba ibicuruzwa

Ibikoresho bya robot

Intwaro za robo ningingo zingenzi za sisitemu nyinshi za robo, zikoreshwa mubikorwa bitandukanye kuva mubikorwa no guterana kugeza kubuzima nubushakashatsi. Ubwoko bwibikoresho bikoreshwa mumaboko ya robo biterwa nibintu nkibishushanyo mbonera byamaboko, imirimo igenewe, ubushobozi bwo kwishura, nibisabwa neza. Hano hari ubwoko bwibikoresho bisanzwe bikoreshwa mumaboko ya robo:

  1. Imodoka ya Harmonic:Disiki ya Harmonic, izwi kandi nk'ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa strain, ikoreshwa cyane mu ntoki za robo kubera igishushanyo mbonera cyayo, ubwinshi bw’umuriro, hamwe no kugenzura neza. Zigizwe nibice bitatu byingenzi: imashini itanga umuyaga, umugozi wa flex (ibikoresho byoroheje bikikijwe), hamwe numuzingi. Disiki ya Harmonic itanga zeru gusubira inyuma no kugabanuka kwinshi, bigatuma ikoreshwa mubisabwa bisaba guhagarara neza no kugenda neza, nko kubaga robotike no gukoresha inganda.
  2. Ibikoresho byo gusiganwa ku magare:Ibikoresho bya Cycloidal, bizwi kandi nka cycloidal drives cyangwa drives ya cyclo, ikoresha amenyo ameze nka cycloidal kugirango ugere kubikorwa neza kandi bituje. Zitanga itumanaho ryinshi, gusubira inyuma cyane, hamwe no guhungabana gukomeye, bigatuma bikwiranye nintwaro za robo ahantu habi cyangwa porogaramu zisaba ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu byinshi kandi neza.
  3. Ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa Harmonic:Ibikoresho byimibumbe bya Harmonic bihuza amahame yimikorere ya disiki ihuza ibikoresho. Biranga ibikoresho byimpeta byoroshye (bisa na flexspline muri drives ihuza) hamwe nibikoresho byinshi byumubumbe bizenguruka izuba hagati. Ibikoresho byimibumbe ya Harmonic bitanga itumanaho ryinshi, guhuza, hamwe no kugenzura neza neza, bigatuma bikoreshwa nintwaro za robo mubisabwa nko gutoranya-ahantu hamwe no gutunganya ibikoresho.
  4. Ibikoresho by'imibumbe:Ibikoresho byimibumbe bikoreshwa muburyo bwimbaraga za robo kubishushanyo mbonera byayo, gukwirakwiza umuriro mwinshi, hamwe no kugabanya umuvuduko cyangwa kwongera. Zigizwe nizuba ryo hagati, ibikoresho byinshi byumubumbe, hamwe nibikoresho byo hanze. Ibikoresho byimibumbe bitanga imikorere ihanitse, gusubira inyuma cyane, hamwe nubushobozi buhebuje bwo kwikorera imitwaro, bigatuma bikenerwa muburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha amaboko ya robo, harimo ama robo yinganda hamwe na robo ikorana (cobots).
  5. Ibikoresho bya Spur:Ibikoresho bya spur biroroshye kandi bikoreshwa cyane mumaboko ya robo kugirango byoroherezwe gukora, gukora neza, kandi bikwiranye nubushakashatsi buringaniye. Zigizwe namenyo agororotse abangikanye nigikoresho cyuma kandi gikunze gukoreshwa mubice byamaboko ya robo cyangwa sisitemu yo kohereza aho ibisobanuro bihanitse bidakomeye.
  6. Ibikoresho bya Bevel:Ibikoresho bya bevel bikoreshwa mumaboko ya robo kugirango yohereze icyerekezo hagati yimigozi ihuza impande zitandukanye. Zitanga imikorere ihanitse, ikora neza, hamwe nigishushanyo mbonera, bigatuma ikoreshwa muburyo bwimashini zikoresha robot zisaba impinduka mubyerekezo, nkuburyo bukomatanyije cyangwa ibikorwa byanyuma.

Guhitamo ibikoresho byintwaro za robo biterwa nibisabwa byihariye bisabwa, harimo ubushobozi bwo kwishyura, neza, umuvuduko, imbogamizi zingana, hamwe nibidukikije. Ba injeniyeri bahitamo ubwoko bwibikoresho bikwiranye nuburyo bugaragara kugirango banoze imikorere, kwiringirwa, hamwe nubushobozi bwamaboko ya robo.

Reba ibicuruzwa

Ikiziga Cyimodoka

Ikinyabiziga kigendeshwa na robo, ubwoko butandukanye bwibikoresho bikoreshwa mugukwirakwiza ingufu kuva kuri moteri kugera kumuziga, bigatuma robot igenda kandi ikayobora ibidukikije. Guhitamo ibikoresho biterwa nibintu nkumuvuduko wifuzwa, torque, imikorere, hamwe nimbogamizi. Hano hari ubwoko bwibikoresho bisanzwe bikoreshwa mugukoresha ibiziga bya robo:

  1. Ibikoresho bya Spur:Ibikoresho bya Spur ni bumwe mu bwoko bwibikoresho bisanzwe bikoreshwa mu gutwara ibiziga. Bafite amenyo agororotse abangikanye na axe yo kuzunguruka kandi afite akamaro ko guhererekanya imbaraga hagati yimigozi ibangikanye. Ibikoresho bya Spur birakwiriye mubisabwa aho bisabwa ubworoherane, ikiguzi-cyiza, hamwe nuburemere buringaniye.
  2. Ibikoresho bya Bevel:Ibyuma bya bevel bikoreshwa mumashanyarazi kugirango yohereze icyerekezo hagati yimigozi ihuza inguni. Bafite amenyo ameze nk'imigozi kandi bakunze gukoreshwa mumashanyarazi ya robo kugirango bahindure icyerekezo cyo kohereza amashanyarazi, nko muburyo butandukanye bwa robo zitandukanye.
  3. Ibikoresho by'imibumbe:Ibikoresho byimibumbe biroroshye kandi bitanga umuriro mwinshi, bigatuma bikenerwa na moteri yimashini. Zigizwe nizuba ryo hagati, ibikoresho byinshi byumubumbe, hamwe nibikoresho byo hanze. Ibikoresho byimibumbe bikunze gukoreshwa mumashanyarazi yimashini kugirango ugere ku kigero cyo kugabanya cyane no kugwiza umuriro muri pake nto.
  4. Ibikoresho by'inzoka:Ibikoresho byinzoka bigizwe ninyo (ibikoresho bisa na screw) nibikoresho byo guhuza byitwa inziga yinyo. Zitanga igipimo kinini cyo kugabanya ibikoresho kandi birakwiriye gukoreshwa aho bisabwa kugwiza umuriro munini, nko muri moteri yimodoka ya moteri yimodoka ziremereye cyangwa ama robo yinganda.
  5. Ibikoresho bifasha:Ibikoresho bifasha byafashe amenyo yaciwe ku nguni ya gare. Zitanga imikorere yoroshye hamwe nubushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu byinshi ugereranije nibikoresho bya spur. Ibikoresho bifasha bikwiranye na robo yimodoka ya robo aho bisabwa urusaku ruke hamwe nogukwirakwiza umuriro mwinshi, nko muri robot zigendanwa zigenda mubidukikije.
  6. Rack na Pinion:Ibikoresho bya Rack na pinion bikoreshwa mumashini yimashini ya robo kugirango ihindure icyerekezo cyumurongo. Zigizwe nibikoresho bizenguruka (pinion) byashizwemo nibikoresho byumurongo (rack). Ibikoresho bya Rack na pinion bikoreshwa cyane muri sisitemu yo kugendana umurongo wa moteri yimodoka ya robo, nko muri robot ya Cartesian na mashini za CNC.

Guhitamo ibikoresho bya moteri yimodoka ya robo biterwa nibintu nkubunini bwa robo, uburemere, ubutaka, ibisabwa byihuta, ninkomoko yimbaraga. Ba injeniyeri bahitamo ubwoko bwibikoresho bikwiranye nuburyo bugaragara kugirango bongere imikorere, imikorere, nubwizerwe bwa sisitemu ya robo.

Reba ibicuruzwa

Grippers na End Effects ibikoresho

Grippers hamwe nibikorwa byanyuma nibice bifatanye kumpera yintwaro za robo zo gufata no gukoresha ibintu. Mugihe ibyuma bidashobora guhora aribintu byibanze muri grippers hamwe nibikorwa byanyuma, birashobora kwinjizwa muburyo bwabo kubikorwa byihariye. Dore uburyo ibikoresho bishobora gukoreshwa mubikoresho bifitanye isano na grippers hamwe nibikorwa bya nyuma:

  1. Abakoresha:Grippers hamwe nibikorwa byanyuma bisaba gukora kugirango bafungure kandi bafunge uburyo bwo gufata. Ukurikije igishushanyo mbonera, izi moteri zirashobora gushiramo ibikoresho kugirango bisobanure icyerekezo cyizunguruka cya moteri mumurongo ugororotse ukenewe kugirango ufungure kandi ufunge intoki zifata. Ibikoresho birashobora gukoreshwa kugirango wongere umuriro cyangwa uhindure umuvuduko wo kugenda muri ibi bikorwa.
  2. Sisitemu yo kohereza:Rimwe na rimwe, grippers hamwe nizishobora kurangira zishobora gusaba sisitemu zo kohereza kugirango zivemo imbaraga ziva mumashanyarazi zikoreshwa muburyo bwo gufata. Ibikoresho birashobora gukoreshwa muri sisitemu zo kohereza kugirango uhindure icyerekezo, umuvuduko, cyangwa urumuri rwimbaraga zandujwe, bituma habaho kugenzura neza ibikorwa byo gufata.
  3. Uburyo bwo Guhindura:Grippers hamwe nibikorwa byanyuma bikenera kwakira ibintu bifite ubunini nuburyo butandukanye. Ibikoresho birashobora gukoreshwa muburyo bwo guhindura kugirango bigenzure umwanya cyangwa intera y'intoki zifata, zibemerera guhuza nibintu bitandukanye bitabaye ngombwa ko uhindura intoki.
  4. Inzira z'umutekano:Bimwe mu bifata no kurangiza bikubiyemo ibimenyetso byumutekano kugirango birinde kwangirika cyangwa gufata ibintu. Ibikoresho birashobora gukoreshwa murubwo buryo bwumutekano kugirango bitange uburinzi burenze urugero cyangwa guhagarika gripper mugihe habaye imbaraga nyinshi cyangwa jaming.
  5. Sisitemu y'imyanya:Grippers hamwe nibikorwa byanyuma birashobora gusaba umwanya uhagije kugirango ufate ibintu neza. Ibikoresho birashobora gukoreshwa muburyo bwa sisitemu yo kugenzura imigendekere yintoki za gripper hamwe nukuri neza, bigatuma ibikorwa byizerwa kandi bisubirwamo.
  6. Kurangiza Umugereka:Usibye intoki zifata, abakora amaherezo barashobora gushiramo izindi mugereka nkibikombe byo guswera, magnesi, cyangwa ibikoresho byo gukata. Ibikoresho birashobora gukoreshwa mugucunga urujya n'uruza rw'imigereka, kwemerera imikorere itandukanye mugukoresha ibintu bitandukanye.

Mugihe ibyuma bidashobora kuba igice cyibanze muri grippers na effet zanyuma, zirashobora kugira uruhare runini mukuzamura imikorere, neza, no guhinduranya ibyo bikoresho bya robo. Igishushanyo cyihariye nogukoresha ibikoresho bya grippers hamwe nibikorwa byanyuma bizaterwa nibisabwa na porogaramu n'ibikorwa byifuzwa.

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Ibikoresho byinshi byubwubatsi aho Belon Gear