Ibikoresho bya moteri
OEM ODM nezaibikoresho byo gukora, Moteri yimodoka ikoresha ubwoko butandukanye bwibikoresho kugirango ikore imirimo itandukanye. Ibikoresho bifasha mumikorere myiza ya moteri nibiyigize. Hano hari ubwoko bwibikoresho bisanzwe bikoreshwa muri moteri yimodoka:
Ibikoresho byo kugihe: Ibikoresho byigihe bikoreshwa muguhuza gufungura no gufunga indege ya moteri hamwe na piston. Bemeza ko indangagaciro zifungura kandi zifunga mugihe gikwiye, zituma gutwikwa neza no gukora moteri.
Ibikoresho bya Crankshaft:Ibikoresho bya Crankshaft bikoreshwa mugukwirakwiza ingufu muri piston kugera kuri crankshaft, ihindura icyerekezo cyumurongo wa piston mukuzenguruka. Uku kuzunguruka noneho gukoreshwa mugutwara ibindi bikoresho bya moteri nibindi bikoresho.
Ibikoresho bya Camshaft: Ibikoresho bya camshaft bikoreshwa mugutwara kamera, igenzura gufungura no gufunga indangagaciro za moteri. Ibikoresho bya kamera byerekana neza ko kamera izunguruka ku muvuduko ukwiye ugereranije na crankshaft.
Ibikoresho byo kuvoma amavuta: Ibikoresho bya pompe yamavuta bikoreshwa mu kuvoma amavuta mumasafuriya yamavuta kugeza mubice bya moteri, nk'ibikoresho na camshaft, kugirango ubisige kandi bigabanye ubukana. Gusiga neza ni ngombwa mugukora neza no kuramba kwa moteri.
Kuringaniza ibikoresho bya Shaft: Moteri zimwe zikoresha shitingi kugirango zigabanye kunyeganyega. Ibikoresho byiringaniza bikoreshwa mugutwara iyi shitingi iringaniye, byemeza ko bizunguruka kumuvuduko ukwiye hamwe nicyiciro ugereranije na crankshaft.
Ibikoresho byo gutwara ibikoresho: Ibikoresho byo gutwara ibikoresho bikoreshwa mugutwara ibice nka pompe yamazi, pompe yamashanyarazi, nubundi buryo. Ibikoresho byerekana neza ko ibyo bice bikora ku muvuduko ukwiye ugereranije na moteri n'umuvuduko w'ikinyabiziga.
Ibikoresho byohereza
Tibikoresho bya ransmission nigice cyingenzi cya sisitemu yo kohereza ibinyabiziga, ishinzwe guhererekanya ingufu ziva kuri moteri ku ruziga ku muvuduko utandukanye na torque. Dore ubwoko bwibanze bwibikoresho byoherejwe biboneka mu binyabiziga:
Ibikoresho byohereza intoki: Mu ntoki zoherejwe, umushoferi atoranya intoki akoresheje ibikoresho byo guhinduranya ibikoresho. Ibikoresho by'ingenzi mu kohereza intoki birimo:
Ibikoresho bya mbere (Gear nkeya): Itanga urumuri ntarengwa rwo gutangiza ikinyabiziga guhagarara.
Ibikoresho bya kabiri: Byakoreshejwe kumuvuduko uringaniye no kwihuta.
Ibikoresho bya gatatu: Byakoreshejwe mukugenda kumuvuduko wo hagati.
Ibikoresho bya kane (Overdrive): Byakoreshejwe mukugenda byihuse, aho umuvuduko wa moteri uri munsi yumuvuduko wikinyabiziga.
Ibikoresho bya gatanu (Kurenga)
Ibikoresho byohereza byikora: Mu buryo bwikora, sisitemu yohereza ihita ihitamo ibikoresho bishingiye ku muvuduko wibinyabiziga, umutwaro wa moteri, nibindi bintu. Ibikoresho byingenzi muburyo bwohereza byikora birimo:
Parike (P): Ifunga imiyoboro kugirango ibuze kugenda.
Ihindure (R): Ikoresha ibikoresho kugirango ibinyabiziga bigende inyuma.
Ntaho ibogamiye (N): Ihagarika ibyuma, bituma moteri ikora idatwaye ibiziga.
Drive (D): Ikoresha ibikoresho byo kugenda imbere. Amashanyarazi amwe amwe nayo afite ibikoresho byinyongera kumuvuduko utandukanye.
Gukomeza Guhinduranya (CVT): CVT ikoresha sisitemu ya pulleys n'umukandara kugirango itange umubare utagira ingano wibikoresho, aho gukoresha ibikoresho byihariye. Ibi bituma kwihuta byoroha no kongera ingufu za peteroli.
Ikwirakwizwa ryibiri (DCT): DCT ikomatanya imikorere yimikorere yintoki hamwe nuburyo bworoshye bwo kohereza. Ikoresha ibice bibiri bitandukanye kubintu bidasanzwe ndetse nibikoresho, byemerera ibikoresho byihuse kandi byoroshye.
Ibikoresho byohereza ni ngombwa mu kugenzura umuvuduko n'umuriro w'ikinyabiziga, kandi ubwoko bwa sisitemu yo gukoresha ibikoresho bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku mikorere y'ikinyabiziga, gukoresha lisansi, n'uburambe bwo gutwara.
Ibikoresho byo kuyobora
Sisitemu yo kuyobora mu kinyabiziga ikoresha ubwoko butandukanye bwibikoresho kugirango ihindure icyerekezo cyizunguruka cyumurongo ugana umurongo ukenewe kugirango uhindure ibiziga. Dore ubwoko bwibanze bwibikoresho bikoreshwa muri sisitemu yo kuyobora:
Ibikoresho byinzoka: Ubu ni ubwoko bwibikoresho bisanzwe bikoreshwa muri sisitemu yo kuyobora. Uruziga ruhujwe nigiti gifite ibikoresho byinyo, bihuza nibikoresho byumurenge bihujwe no kuyobora. Mugihe ibizunguruka byahinduwe, ibikoresho byinyo bizunguruka, bigatuma ibikoresho byumurenge hamwe nu murongo uhuza kugenda, uhindura ibiziga.
Rack na Pinion: Muri iyi sisitemu, ibizunguruka byahujwe nibikoresho bya pinion, bihuza nibikoresho bya rack bifatanye na rezo ihuza. Mugihe ibizunguruka byahinduwe, ibikoresho bya pinion bizunguruka, byimura ibikoresho bya rack no guhindura ibiziga. Sisitemu yo kuyobora Rack na pinion irazwi kubera ubworoherane no kwitabira.
Umupira wo kuzenguruka: Sisitemu ikoresha uburyo bwo kuzenguruka umupira kugirango uhindure icyerekezo cyizunguruka cyumuzingi muburyo bukenewe kugirango uhindure ibiziga. Ibikoresho byinyo bizunguruka urukurikirane rwimipira izenguruka, yimura ibinyomoro bihujwe no kuyobora, bihindura ibiziga.
Imiyoboro ya Gearbox: Imashini yimashini nigice kigizwe nibikoresho bikoreshwa muri sisitemu yo kuyobora. Ubusanzwe ishyirwa kuri chassis yikinyabiziga kandi ikubiyemo ibikoresho bikenerwa kugirango uhindure uruziga rwikizunguruka mu murongo ugaragara kugirango uhindure ibiziga.
Ubu ni ubwoko bwibanze bwibikoresho bikoreshwa muri sisitemu yo kuyobora. Ubwoko bwibikoresho byakoreshejwe birashobora gutandukana bitewe nuburyo ibinyabiziga byifashe hamwe nuburyo wifuza kuyobora. Hatitawe ku bwoko, ibyuma biri muri sisitemu yo kuyobora bigira uruhare runini mu kwemerera umushoferi kugenzura icyerekezo cy'ikinyabiziga.
Ibikoresho bitandukanye
Ibikoresho bitandukanye ni ikintu cyingenzi mu kinyabiziga kigenda cyane cyane mu binyabiziga bifite ibiziga byinyuma cyangwa ibiziga byose. Iremera ibiziga bya moteri kuzunguruka ku muvuduko utandukanye mugihe wohereza ingufu kuva kuri moteri kugeza kumuziga. Dore uko ibikoresho bitandukanye bikora n'impamvu ari ngombwa:
Uburyo ikora:
Imbaraga zinjiza: Itandukaniro ryakira imbaraga zihererekanyabubasha cyangwa ihererekanyabubasha, mubisanzwe binyuze mumashanyarazi.
Gutandukanya Imbaraga: Itandukaniro rigabanya imbaraga ziva mumashanyarazi mo ibice bibiri, imwe kuri buri ruziga.
Emerera Imvugo Zinyuranye: Iyo ikinyabiziga gihindutse, uruziga rwo hanze rugenda intera ndende kuruta uruziga rw'imbere. Itandukaniro ryemerera ibiziga kuzunguruka ku muvuduko utandukanye kugirango bihuze itandukaniro.
Kuringaniza Torque: Itandukaniro naryo rifasha kuringaniza itara ryakoreshejwe kuri buri ruziga, kwemeza ko ibiziga byombi byakira imbaraga zihagije zo gukomeza gukurura.
Akamaro k'ibikoresho bitandukanye:
Inguni: Hatabayeho itandukaniro, ibiziga byahatirwa kuzunguruka ku muvuduko umwe, bikagorana guhinduka. Itandukaniro ryemerera ibiziga kuzunguruka ku muvuduko utandukanye mugihe cyo guhinduranya, kunoza imikorere.
Gukurura: Itandukaniro rifasha kugumya gukwega mukwemerera ibiziga guhindura umuvuduko ukurikije ubutaka. Ibi ni ngombwa cyane cyane mumihanda cyangwa kunyerera.
Kuramba kw'ibiziga: Mu kwemerera ibiziga kuzunguruka ku muvuduko utandukanye, itandukaniro rigabanya imihangayiko ku mapine nibindi bikoresho bigendesha imbaraga, birashoboka ko byongerera igihe cyo kubaho.
Gukora neza: Itandukaniro rikora neza rifasha kwemeza ko amashanyarazi azagenda neza kandi ahoraho, bizamura uburambe bwo gutwara.
Muri rusange, ibikoresho bitandukanye ni ikintu cyingenzi mu kinyabiziga kigenda neza, cyemerera guhinduka neza, gukurura neza, no kugabanya kwambara ku mapine no mu bikoresho bya moteri.
