Gutunganya ibikoresho, gukata ibipimo nibisabwa nibikoresho niba ibikoresho bigoye cyane guhindurwa kandi imikorere yimashini igomba kunozwa

Ibikoresho byingenzi byingenzi byohereza mu nganda z’imodoka. Mubisanzwe, buri modoka ifite amenyo 18 ~ 30. Ubwiza bwibikoresho bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye urusaku, ituze hamwe nubuzima bwa serivisi bwimodoka. Ibikoresho byo gutunganya ibikoresho bya sisitemu nigikoresho cyimashini igoye hamwe nibikoresho byingenzi mubikorwa byimodoka. Imbaraga zo gukora imodoka ku isi nka Amerika, Ubudage n'Ubuyapani nazo zikoresha ibikoresho byo gutunganya ibikoresho. Nk’uko imibare ibigaragaza, ibice birenga 80% by’ibikoresho by’imodoka mu Bushinwa bitunganyirizwa ibikoresho byo mu rugo. Muri icyo gihe, inganda zimodoka zitwara ibice birenga 60% byibikoresho byo gutunganya ibikoresho, kandi inganda zimodoka zizahora ari urwego nyamukuru rwo gukoresha ibikoresho byimashini.

Ikoreshwa rya tekinoroji

1. Gukora no gukora ubusa

Gupfa bishyushye biracyakoreshwa cyane muburyo bwo guta ibice byimodoka. Mu myaka yashize, tekinoroji ya cross wedge yatejwe imbere cyane mugutunganya ibiti. Iri koranabuhanga rirakwiriye cyane cyane gukora fagitire zinzugi zumuryango. Ntabwo ifite gusa ibisobanuro bihanitse, amafaranga make yo gutunganya imashini, ariko kandi ifite umusaruro mwinshi.

2

Intego yiki gikorwa ni ukubona ubukana bukwiranye no gukata ibikoresho hanyuma no gutegura microstructure yo kuvura ubushyuhe bwanyuma, kugirango bigabanye neza uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe. Ibikoresho by'ibyuma bikoreshwa ni 20CrMnTi. Bitewe ningaruka zikomeye zabakozi, ibikoresho nibidukikije, umuvuduko wo gukonjesha hamwe no gukonjesha uburinganire bwakazi biragoye kubigenzura, bikaviramo gukwirakwizwa gukomeye hamwe nuburyo bwa metallografiya butaringaniye, bigira ingaruka kuburyo butaziguye gukata ibyuma no kuvura ubushyuhe bukabije, bikavamo nini hamwe nubushyuhe budasanzwe bwubushyuhe hamwe nubwiza bwigice kitagenzurwa. Kubwibyo, isothermal normaling process iremewe. Imyitozo yerekanye ko gukora isothermal bisanzwe bishobora guhindura neza ibibi bya rusange bisanzwe, kandi ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa burahagaze kandi bwizewe.

3. guhindukira

Kugirango wuzuze ibisabwa kugirango uhindurwe neza cyane, ibikoresho byuma byose bitunganyirizwa nu musarani wa CNC, bifatanyirizwa mu buryo bwa tekinike bitabujije igikoresho cyo guhindura. Gutunganya umwobo wa diametre, isura yanyuma na diametre yinyuma birangizwa mugihe kimwe cyo gufatisha inshuro imwe, ibyo ntibisobanura gusa guhagarikwa kwicyerekezo cyumwobo wimbere no mumaso yanyuma, ariko kandi bikanatanga ubunini buke bwo gukwirakwiza ibikoresho byinshi. Rero, ubunyangamugayo bwibikoresho byahinduwe neza kandi ubwiza bwimashini bwibikoresho byakurikiyeho burashimangirwa. Byongeye kandi, imikorere myiza ya NC lathe ikora nayo igabanya cyane umubare wibikoresho kandi ifite ubukungu bwiza.

4. Kwishimisha no gushushanya ibikoresho

Imashini zisanzwe zikoresha imashini hamwe na shaperi zikoreshwa ziracyakoreshwa cyane mugutunganya ibikoresho. Nubwo byoroshye guhindura no kubungabunga, umusaruro ukorwa ni muke. Niba ubushobozi bunini bwarangiye, imashini nyinshi zigomba kubyazwa icyarimwe. Hamwe niterambere rya tekinoroji yo gutwikira, biroroshye cyane gusubiramo amakoti hamwe na plungers nyuma yo gusya. Ubuzima bwa serivisi bwibikoresho bisizwe burashobora kunozwa cyane, muri rusange kurenga 90%, kugabanya neza umubare wibikoresho byahinduwe no gusya, hamwe ninyungu zikomeye.

5. kogosha

Tekinoroji yo kogosha ibikoresho bya radiyo ikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byogukoresha ibikoresho byimodoka kubera imikorere yayo myiza kandi byoroshye kubona ibyifuzo byo guhindura imiterere yinyo yabugenewe hamwe nicyerekezo cy amenyo. Kuva isosiyete yagura imashini idasanzwe yo kogosha imashanyarazi ya sosiyete yo mubutaliyani kugirango ihindurwe tekinike mu 1995, imaze gukura mugukoresha ubu buryo bwikoranabuhanga, kandi ubwiza bwo gutunganya burahagaze kandi bwizewe.

6. Kuvura ubushyuhe

Ibikoresho byimodoka bisaba carburizing no kuzimya kugirango umenye neza imashini nziza. Ibikoresho bitajegajega kandi byizewe nibyingenzi kubicuruzwa bitagikoreshwa no gusya ibikoresho nyuma yo kuvura ubushyuhe. Isosiyete yashyizeho umurongo uhoraho wa carburizing no kuzimya umusaruro w’umudage Lloyd's, umaze kugera ku bisubizo bishimishije byo kuvura ubushyuhe.

7. Gusya

Ikoreshwa cyane cyane kugirango irangize ubushyuhe bwakoreshejwe ibikoresho byimbere imbere, isura yanyuma, umurambararo winyuma wa diametre nibindi bice kugirango tunonosore neza kandi bigabanye kwihanganira geometrike.

Gutunganya ibikoresho bifata uruziga rwumuzingi kugirango uhagarare kandi ushyire hamwe, bishobora kwemeza neza uburyo bwo gutunganya iryinyo hamwe n’ibisobanuro byashyizweho, kandi bikabona ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa.

8. Kurangiza

Ibi ni ukugenzura no guhanagura ibibyimba na burr ku bikoresho byogukwirakwiza no gutwara axle mbere yo guterana, kugirango bikureho urusaku n urusaku rudasanzwe rwatewe nabo nyuma yo guterana. Umva amajwi ukoresheje gusezerana kumwe cyangwa kwitegereza gutandukana kubizamini byuzuye. Ibice byimyubakire yimyubakire yakozwe nisosiyete ikora inganda zirimo amazu ya clutch, amazu yohereza hamwe n amazu atandukanye. Amazu ya Clutch hamwe nogukwirakwiza ni ibice bitwara imizigo, mubisanzwe bikozwe mu gupfa-aluminiyumu ivanze binyuze mu gupfa bidasanzwe. Imiterere ntisanzwe kandi iragoye. Inzira rusange igenda isya hejuru yubutaka → gutunganya imyobo no guhuza ibyobo → kurambirwa kurambiranye umwobo → kurambirana neza no gutobora imyobo → gusukura test ikizamini cyo kumeneka no gutahura.

Ibipimo nibisabwa ibikoresho byo gukata ibikoresho

Ibikoresho byahinduwe cyane nyuma yo gutwika no kuzimya. Cyane cyane kubikoresho binini, deformisiyo yimiterere ya carburize kandi yazimye uruziga rwo hanze nu mwobo w'imbere muri rusange ni nini cyane. Ariko, kugirango uhindure carburize kandi yazimye ibikoresho byo hanze, nta gikoresho kiboneye. Igikoresho cya bn-h20 cyakozwe na “Valin superhard” kugirango gihindurwe rimwe na rimwe ibyuma byazimye byakosoye ihinduka ryimiterere ya carburize kandi yazimye ibikoresho byo hanze byizengurutse umwobo wimbere no mumaso, hanyuma ibona igikoresho gikwiye cyo gutema rimwe na rimwe, Cyateye intambwe ku isi yose umurima wo gutema rimwe na rimwe hamwe nibikoresho bya superhard.

Gear carburizing no kuzimya deformasiyo: ibikoresho bya carburizing hamwe no kuzimya deformasiyo biterwa ahanini nigikorwa cyo guhuza imbaraga zisigaye zatewe mugihe cyo gutunganya imashini, guhangayikishwa nubushyuhe hamwe nuburyo bwimiterere iterwa no kuvura ubushyuhe, hamwe no guhindura uburemere bwakazi. Cyane cyane kumpeta nini nini nini, impeta nini nini nazo zizongera deformasiyo nyuma yo gutwika no kuzimya bitewe na modulus nini nini, karubasi yimbitse, umwanya muremure hamwe nuburemere. Amategeko yo guhindura ibintu binini byuma: diameter yinyuma yumuzingi winyongera yerekana inzira igaragara yo kugabanuka, ariko mubyerekezo byubugari bw amenyo yumuti wibikoresho, hagati iragabanuka, kandi impera zombi zagutse gato. Amategeko yo guhindura impeta: Nyuma ya Carburizing no kuzimya, diameter yo hanze yimpeta nini nini izabyimba. Iyo ubugari bw'amenyo butandukanye, icyerekezo cy'ubugari bw'amenyo kizaba ingoma cyangwa ikibuno.

Guhinduranya ibyuma nyuma yo gutwika no kuzimya: guhindura karburizingi no kuzimya impeta yimyenda irashobora kugenzurwa no kugabanuka kurwego runaka, ariko ntibishobora kwirindwa rwose Kubikosora deformasiyo nyuma yo gutwika no kuzimya, ibikurikira ni ikiganiro kigufi kijyanye nibishoboka. yo guhindura no gukata ibikoresho nyuma ya carburizing no kuzimya.

Guhindura uruziga rw'inyuma, umwobo w'imbere no mu maso ha nyuma nyuma yo gutwika no kuzimya: guhindukira nuburyo bworoshye bwo gukosora ihindagurika ryuruziga rwinyuma nu mwobo wimbere wibikoresho byimpeta ya carburize kandi yazimye. Mbere, igikoresho icyo aricyo cyose, harimo ibikoresho bya superhard byo mumahanga, ntabwo byakemuye ikibazo cyo guhora mugihe gito cyo guca uruziga rwinyuma rwibikoresho byazimye. Valin superhard yatumiriwe gukora ubushakashatsi niterambere ryibikoresho, ati: "Gukata rimwe na rimwe ibyuma bikomye byahoze ari ikibazo kitoroshye, tutibagiwe nicyuma gikomeye cya HRC60, kandi amafaranga yo guhindura ibintu ni menshi. Iyo uhinduye ibyuma bikomye ku muvuduko mwinshi, niba igihangano gikora rimwe na rimwe, igikoresho kizarangiza gutunganya imashini zirenga 100 ku munota igihe uciye ibyuma bikomeye, bikaba ari ikibazo gikomeye ku guhangana n'ingaruka z'igikoresho. ” Impuguke z’ishyirahamwe ry’icyuma mu Bushinwa zirabivuga. Nyuma yumwaka wibizamini bisubirwamo, Valin superhard yazanye ikirango cyibikoresho byo gukata superhard yo Guhindura ibyuma bikomeye hamwe no guhagarika umutima; Igeragezwa ryo guhinduranya rikorwa kumurongo winyuma nyuma yo gutwika no kuzimya.

Ubushakashatsi bwo guhindura ibikoresho bya silindrike nyuma yo gutwika no kuzimya

Ibikoresho binini (ibikoresho byimpeta) byahinduwe cyane nyuma yo gutwika no kuzimya. Guhindura uruziga rw'inyuma rw'ibikoresho by'impeta bigera kuri 2mm, kandi gukomera nyuma yo kuzimya byari hrc60-65. Muri kiriya gihe, byari bigoye ko umukiriya abona urusyo runini rwa diameter, kandi amafaranga yo gukora yari manini, kandi gusya byari bike cyane. Hanyuma, ibikoresho bya karubasi kandi byazimye byahinduwe.

Gukata umuvuduko wumurongo: 50-70m / min, gukata ubujyakuzimu: 1.5-22mm, guca intera: 0.15-0.2mm / Revolution (byahinduwe ukurikije ibisabwa bikabije)

Iyo uhinduye ibikoresho byazimye, imashini irangira icyarimwe. Igikoresho cyumwimerere cyatumijwe mu mahanga gishobora gutunganywa inshuro nyinshi kugirango uhagarike deformasiyo. Byongeye kandi, inkombe gusenyuka birakomeye, kandi gukoresha igiciro cyigikoresho ni kinini cyane.

Ibisubizo by'ibizamini by'ibikoresho: birwanya ingaruka zirenze ibikoresho bya kera bya silicon nitride yatumijwe mu mahanga, kandi ubuzima bwayo bukubye inshuro 6 ibyo bikoresho bya silicon nitride ceramic ceramic mugihe ubujyakuzimu bwiyongereyeho inshuro eshatu! Gukata neza byiyongereyeho inshuro 3 (byahoze inshuro eshatu zo gutema, ariko ubu byujujwe nigihe kimwe). Ubuso bugaragara bwibikorwa nabyo byujuje ibyo umukoresha asabwa. Ikintu cyagaciro cyane nuko uburyo bwa nyuma bwo kunanirwa igikoresho atari impungenge zimenetse, ahubwo ni isura isanzwe yinyuma. Igeragezwa rimwe na rimwe kuzimya ibikoresho byazengurutswe byacitse umugani w'uko ibikoresho bya superhard mu nganda bidashobora gukoreshwa mu gihe kimwe gihinduka ibyuma bikomeye! Byateje sensation ikomeye murwego rwamasomo yo gukata ibikoresho!

Ubuso burangiza bwo guhindura umwobo wimbere wibikoresho nyuma yo kuzimya

Dufashe gukata rimwe na rimwe ibikoresho byimbere imbere hamwe na peteroli ya peteroli nkurugero: ubuzima bwumurimo wigikoresho cyo kugerageza kigera kuri metero zirenga 8000, kandi kurangiza biri muri Ra0.8; Niba igikoresho cya superhard gifite inkingi ya polishinge cyakoreshejwe, iherezo ryicyuma gikomeye gishobora kugera kuri Ra0.4. Kandi ibikoresho byiza ubuzima burashobora kuboneka

Gukora isura yanyuma yibikoresho nyuma yo gutwika no kuzimya

Nkuburyo busanzwe bwo "guhindukira aho gusya", icyuma cya boron nitride cyifashishijwe cyane mubikorwa byo kubyara uburyo bwo guhindura ibintu mumaso nyuma yubushyuhe. Ugereranije no gusya, guhinduka gukomeye bitezimbere cyane akazi neza.

Kubikoresho bya carburize kandi byazimye, ibisabwa kubatema ni byinshi cyane. Ubwa mbere, gukata rimwe na rimwe bisaba gukomera cyane, kurwanya ingaruka, gukomera, kwambara birwanya, gukomera hejuru nibindi bintu byigikoresho.

incamake:

Kugirango uhindukire nyuma ya carburizing no kuzimya no guhindura isura yanyuma, ibikoresho bisanzwe byo gusudira hamwe kubic boron nitride ibikoresho byamamaye. Nyamara, kubijyanye no guhindura ibipimo byuruziga rwinyuma nu mwobo wimbere wa karburize kandi yazimye impeta nini nini, burigihe nikibazo kitoroshye kuzimya deformasiyo hamwe ninshi. Guhinduranya rimwe na rimwe ibyuma byazimye hamwe na Valin superhard bn-h20 cubic boron nitride igikoresho ni intambwe nini mubikorwa byinganda, bifasha mugutezimbere kwiterambere rya "guhinduka aho gusya" mubikorwa byinganda, kandi ugasanga na igisubizo cyikibazo cyibikoresho bikomeye bya silindrike ibikoresho byo guhindura ibintu bimaze imyaka myinshi bitesha umutwe. Ni ngombwa kandi cyane kugabanya uruziga rukora impeta no kugabanya ikiguzi cy'umusaruro; Bn-h20 ikata ibyiciro bizwi nkicyitegererezo cyisi cyicyuma gihindagurika rimwe na rimwe ibyuma bizimya inganda.