Ibikoreshobishingikiriza ku bipimo by’imiterere yabyo n’imbaraga z’ibikoresho kugira ngo bihangane n’imitwaro yo hanze, ibi bikaba bisaba ko ibikoresho bigira imbaraga nyinshi, gukomera no kudashira; bitewe n’imiterere igoye y’ibikoresho,ibikoreshobisaba ubuhanga bwo hejuru, kandi ibikoresho nabyo bisaba ubushobozi bwo gukora neza. Ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa ni icyuma gikozwe mu buryo bwa "folding", icyuma gikozwe mu buryo bwa "cast", n'icyuma gikozwe mu buryo bwa "cast".
1. Icyuma gikozwe mu byuma bicuzwe Dukurikije ubukana bw'amenyo, gigabanyijemo ibyiciro bibiri:
Iyo HB ＜350, yitwa ubuso bw'amenyo yoroshye
Iyo HB ＞350, yitwa ubuso bw'amenyo akomeye
1.1. Ubukomere bw'amenyo HB ＜ 350
Uburyo: gucura ubusa → kuvugurura - guhindura ibintu mu buryo butunguranye → kuzimya no gushyushya, kurangiza
Ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa; 45#, 35SiMn, 40Cr, 40CrNi, 40MnB
Ibiranga: Ifite imikorere myiza muri rusange, amenyo afite imbaraga nyinshi kandi akomeye, kandi igice cy'iryinyo gifite imbaraga nziza. Nyuma yo kuvurwa ubushyuhe, ubuziranenge bwaIbikoreshoGukata bishobora kugera ku byiciro 8. Biroroshye gukora, bihendutse, kandi bifite umusaruro mwinshi. Ubuhanga ntabwo buri hejuru.
1.2 Ubukomere bw'amenyo HB ＞350
1.2.1 Mu gihe ukoresha icyuma giciriritse cya karuboni:
Uburyo: Gutunganya ubusa → kuvugurura → gukata nabi → kuzimya no gushyushya → gukata neza → kuzimya inshuro nyinshi n'iziciriritse → kuzimya ubushyuhe buke → kuzimya cyangwa gukurura, umuriro w'amashanyarazi ukinjira.
Ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa:45, 40Cr, 40CrNi
Ibiranga: Ubukomere bw'amenyo ni bwinshi HRC = 48-55, imbaraga zo gukoraho ni nyinshi, kandi ubushobozi bwo kwangirika ni bwiza. Imbere y'amenyo igumana ubukomere nyuma yo kuzimya no gushyushya, ifite ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'ingaruka nziza kandi ishobora gutwara imizigo myinshi. Ubuziranenge bugabanukaho kimwe cya kabiri, kugeza ku rwego rwa 7. Ikwiriye gukorwa ku bwinshi, nk'ibikoresho byo kohereza umuvuduko uringaniye n'ibiciriritse ku modoka, ibikoresho by'imashini, nibindi.
1.2.2 Mu gihe ukoresha icyuma gito cya karuboni: Gucukura ubusa → kuvugurura → gukata nabi → kuzimya no gushyushya → gukata neza → gukaraba no kuzimya → gukonjesha no gusya → gukonjesha ubushyuhe buke → gusya amenyo. Kugeza ku rwego rwa 6 na 7.
Ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa; 20Cr, 20CrMnTi, 20MnB, 20CrMnTo Ibiranga: Ubukomere bw'amenyo n'ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kuyatwara. Imbere mu gice cy'imbere ifite imbaraga kandi irwanya ingaruka. Ikwiriye koherezwa mu buryo bwihuse, buremereye, cyangwa mu bihe bifite imiterere mito, nk'igikoresho cy'ingenzi cyo kohereza amenyo cya gari ya moshi n'ibikoresho by'indege.
2. Icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma:
UbwoibikoreshoUmurambararo wa d>400mm, imiterere iragoye, kandi gucura biragoye, ibikoresho by'icyuma byakozwe muri ZG45.ZG55 bishobora gukoreshwa mu kuvugurura. Kuvugurura, kuzimya no gushyushya.
3. Icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma:
Irwanya cyane gufatana no kwangirika kw'ibice, ariko irwanya kwangirika no kwangirika. Ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu buryo buhamye, ingufu nke, umuvuduko muto cyangwa munini kandi ifite imiterere igoye. Ishobora gukora mu gihe cy'ibura ry'amavuta kandi ikwiriye koherezwa mu buryo bufunguye.
4. Ibikoresho by'icyuma:
Igitambaro, imbaho, pulasitiki, nayiloni, bikwiranye n'umuvuduko mwinshi kandi byoroheje.
Mu guhitamo ibikoresho, hagomba kwitabwaho ko imiterere y'imikorere y'ibyuma itandukanye, kandi imiterere y'amenyo y'ibyuma itandukanye, ari na yo shingiro ryo kugena ibipimo ngenderwaho byo kubara imbaraga z'ibikoresho ndetse no guhitamo ibikoresho n'ahantu hashyuha.
1. Iyo amenyo y'ibikoresho byoroshye kuvunika iyo bikozwe mu buryo bworoshye, hagomba gutoranywa ibikoresho bikomeye kurushaho, kandi hagatoranywa icyuma gito cya karuboni cyo gukoresha mu gukaraba no kuzimya.
2. Ku bijyanye no kohereza amenyo mu buryo bwihuse, ubuso bw'amenyo bushobora gukururwa n'ibice, bityo hagomba gutoranywa ibikoresho bifite ubukana bwiza bw'ubuso bw'amenyo, kandi hagakoreshwa uburyo bwo gukomeretsa amenyo mu byuma biciriritse.
3. Ku muvuduko muto n'umutwaro uringaniye, iyo amenyo y'ibikoresho yavunitse, yacitsemo ibice, kandi agashwanyagurika, hagomba gutoranywa ibikoresho bifite imbaraga nziza za mekanike, ubukana bw'inyuma y'amenyo n'ibindi bikoresho byose bya mekanike, kandi hagatoranywa icyuma gishyushye kandi gikonjeshwa n'icyuma gishyushye cya karuboni.
4. Ihatire kugira ubwoko buke bw'ibikoresho, byoroshye gucunga, kandi utekereze ku mikoreshereze n'itangwa ry'ibikoresho.
5. Iyo ingano y'inyubako ari nto kandi ubushobozi bwo kwangirika bukaba bwinshi, hagomba gukoreshwa icyuma cy'ibyuma.
6. Ibikoresho n'ikoranabuhanga by'urwego rukora.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: Werurwe-11-2022